검색 상세

Unilateral Trade Preferences and Development : Evidence from Korea’s Generalized System of Preferences (GSP)

일방적 무역 특혜와 개발 효과: 한국의 일반특혜관세제도(GSP)를 중심으로

초록/요약

This thesis assesses Korea’s Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) for Least Developed Countries using matched DiD and event‐study methods on a 1995–2023 panel that censors observations after LDC graduation. We find that the 2001 launch boosted exports by 32–38 percent (lagged two years, persisting six years), while the 2008 expansion delivered an even larger, sustained uplift—peaking at 55–60 percent by year 5 and remaining significant through year 13. Placebo tests confirm clean pre‐trends, and robustness checks under alternative windows reproduce these dynamics. Policy‐wise, our results highlight the need to pair preferential access with capacity‐building and streamlined origin rules to maximize utilization.

more

초록/요약

본 연구는 1995–2023년 패널 자료에 대해 LDC 졸업 시점을 반영한 일관된 표본을 활용하여 매칭, DiD, 이벤트 스터디(event study)를 결합한 정교한 식별 전략을 활용하여 대한민국의 최빈개도국(LDCs)을 대상으로 한 일반특혜관세제도(GSP)의 무역 효과를 실증적으로 평가한다. 분석 결과, 2001년 도입은 수출을 32–38% 증가시켰으며(효과 발생 지연 2년, 지속 6년), 2008년 확대는 5년 차에 55–60%까지 추가 상승하고 13년 차까지 유의미한 효과를 유지한다. 위약 검정(placebo)에서 사전 추세가 관찰되지 않았고, 다양한 윈도우를 적용한 강건성 검토에서도 동일한 결과가 확인되었다. 정책적으로는 관세 혜택만으로는 한계가 있으며, 활용도를 높이기 위해 역량 강화와 원산지 규정 간소화가 병행되어야 함을 시사한다.

more

목차

ABSTRACT i
국문 초록 ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
1. Introduction 1
2. Literature Review 4
3. General Explanation of Korea’s GSP 8
3.1 Background and Policy Objectives 8
3.2 Structure and Eligibility Criteria 8
3.3 2008 Expansion: A Significant Policy Shift 9
3.4 Sectoral and Geographic Coverage 9
3.5 Timeline of Key Developments 10
3.6 Trade Performance: Korea’s Imports from LDCs 11
4. Data & Descriptive Statistics 12
4.1 Data Sources 12
4.2 Dataset Construction 12
4.3 Key Variables 13
4.4 Descriptive Summary 14
5. Empirical Framework 18
5.1 Overview 18
5.2 Empirical Challenges 18
5.3 Data Structure and Treatment Definition 19
5.4 Matching Procedure 19
5.5 Difference-in-Differences (DiD) 20
5.6 Event Study Framework 21
5.7 Robustness and Alternative Specifications 22
5.8 Limitations and Assumptions 22
6. RESULTS 23
6.1 Matching 23
6.2 Difference-in-Differences (DiD) 23
6.3 Event Study 25
6.3.1 2001 GSP Introduction 26
6.3.2 2008 GSP Expansion 26
6.4 Robustness and Placebo Tests 27
6.5 Conclusion of Chapter 28
7. Discussion 29
7.1 Summary of Key Findings 29
7.2 What Worked, and What Did Not 29
7.3 Policy and Research Implications 30
7.4 Limitations 30
8. Conclusion 31
8.1 Main Findings 31
8.2 Policy Implications 31
8.3 Limitations 32
8.4 Directions for Future Research 32
REFERENCES 34
APPENDICES 36
A. Placebo Tests 36
B. Robustness Checks 37
C. Full Regression Outputs 40
D. Variable Definitions and Sources 41
E. Tariff Coverage Under Korea’s GSP 42

more