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UG0712 (Ginseng Leaf Extract) for Enhancing Performance: In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials

UG0712 (인삼잎 추출물)의 운동수행능력: In vivo 및 인체적용시험

  • Su Hyun Yu (유수현, 대학원 식품규제과학과 기능성식품규제과학전공)

초록/요약

Increasing interest in health, improving quality of life, and the growing prevalence of chronic diseases due to population aging have led to various age-related conditions. Exercise has consistently been recognized as an essential factor in preventing these diseases, with its importance in promoting healthy aging being emphasized. Exercise performance refers to the ability to perform physical movements in daily life or sports with speed, strength, endurance, and skill. Improvements in exercise performance are not limited to athletic activities but can also have beneficial effects on everyday physical activities. Most research on ginseng has traditionally focused on its roots. However, recent studies have shifted their focus to ginseng leaves. This shift is due to the fact that ginseng leaves can be harvested annually, whereas the roots take several years to mature, and leaf extracts contain higher concentrations of ginsenosides compared to root extracts. Recently, ginseng leaf extract (GLE) has been modified by acid treatment to create a variant known as UG0712. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of UG0712 on exercise performance in animal models by comparing UG0712 and GLE in terms of exercise performance in mice and investigating the dose-dependent efficacy of UG0712. Additionally, a human clinical trial was conducted to compare the exercise performance of the UG0712 supplementation group with the control group, further validating the ergogenic potential of UG0712 and suggesting directions for future research.

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초록/요약

건강에 대한 관심 고조, 삶의 질 향상 및 인구 고령화에 따른 만성질환 증가 등으로 노화에 동반된 다양한 질병들이 야기되고 있다. 이러한 질병을 예방하는 데에는 운동이 필수 요소로 건강한 노화를 위하여 운동의 중요성은 지속적으로 대두되고 있다. 운동수행능력이란 일상생활이나 스포츠에서 수행되는 신체동작을 빠르게, 강하게, 오래, 능숙하게 할 수 있는 능력을 의미하는데 운동수행능력의 향상은 단순히 운동에만 국한되지 않으며 일상적인 신체활동에도 유용한 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 인삼에 대한 대부분의 연구는 주로 인삼 뿌리에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 하지만 최근 인삼에 대한 연구 관심은 뿌리에서 잎으로 옮겨가고 있다. 이러한 변화는 잎은 매년 수확하는 반면 뿌리는 수확까지 수년이 걸리고, 잎 추출물이 뿌리 추출물보다 배당체 함량이 높기 때문이다. 최근에는 인삼 잎 추출물(GLE)을 산으로 처리하여 UG0712라는 변종 GLE를 얻었다. 본 연구에서는 동물실험에서 UG0712의 운동수행능력을 검증하기 위해 마우스를 대상으로 운동 수행 능력 측면에서 UG0712와 GLE를 비교 및 UG0712의 효능 농도에 대해 연구했다. 또한 인체적용시험을 통해서 UG0712 섭취군과 대조군과의 비교 연구를 하여 UG0712의 운동수행능력에 대한 효능을 검증하였으며, 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

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목차

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 13
1.1. Background 13
1.2. Comparison of ginsenoside content in Ginseng, Red Ginseng, and Ginseng leaves 15
1.3. Potential effects of ginsenoside on exercise performance 18
CHAPTER 2. Animal Studies on the Efficacy of UG0712 24
1. Introduction 24
2. Materials and Methods 26
2.1. Preparation of UG0712 26
2.2. Animals 26
2.3. Animal experiments for exercise endurance test 27
2.4. Measurement of MRT 28
2.5. Analysis of glycogen in muscle and glucose, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum 30
2.6. RNA extraction and sequencing 30
2.7. Statistical and bioinformatics analyses 31
3. Results and Discussion 35
3.1. Part 1: Measuring Exhaustion Time to Determine Exercise Performance in UG0712 35
3.2. Part 1: Analyses of body weight, tissue weight, and blood parameters 37
3.3. Part 2: Time to Exhaustion Measurement from Endurance Exercise in UG0712 40
3.4. Part 2: Body Weight, Tissue Weight, and Blood Parameters Analysis in UG0712 42
3.5. Part 2: Global transcriptome signatures in liver and muscle tissues 45
3.6. Part 2: Identification of DEGs and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) 47
3.7. Part 2: Enrichment Analyses 50
4. Discussion 74
CHAPTER 3. Clinical trials of UG0712 85
1. Introduction 85
2. Materials and Methods 88
2.1. Study design 88
2.2. Participants 88
2.3. Intervention 90
2.4. Physical performance evaluations 90
2.5. Statistical analysis 93
3. Results 96
3.1. Effect of UG0712 on human exercise performance 96
4. Discussion 108
PREFACE 116
ACKNOWLEDMENTS 117
REFERENCES 118

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