Critical Evaluation of Kenya’s Water Governance Reform : The 2002 and 2016 Water Acts
케냐의 물 거버넌스 개혁에 대한 비판적 평가: 2002년 및 2016년 물 법안을 중심으로
- 주제(키워드) 도움말 Water Governance , Kenya , Water Acts
- 발행기관 고려대학교 국제대학원
- 지도교수 도움말 이승호
- 발행년도 2024
- 학위수여년월 2024. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 국제학과
- 세부전공 국제개발협력전공
- 원문페이지 59 p
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/korea/000000280252
- UCI I804:11009-000000280252
- DOI 10.23186/korea.000000280252.11009.0000382
- 본문언어 영어
초록/요약
This study evaluates Kenya’s water governance reform, focusing on the 2002 and 2016 Water Acts. The OECD principles on water governance are deployed as an analytical framework. Despite abundant water resources, Kenya faces water stress due to increased demands driven by economic growth, population increase, urbanization, and climate change. Weak institutional capacities, limited finances, non-comprehensive policies, and poor policy implementation are the main challenges to Kenya’s water governance. The Water Acts have entailed positive changes, including separating water functions, recognizing human rights to water, expanding water service coverage, and instituting community-based organizations. The study reveals advancements in the effectiveness, efficiency, trust, and engagement of Kenya's water governance. Despite these positive developments, persistent challenges are identified, such as inconsistent communication at various levels, inadequate management of institutional transitions, limited capacity among water service providers, financial constraints, and disproportionate budget utilization. To address these issues, there is a crucial need for comprehensive policy measures, encompassing enhanced policy implementation, innovative financing mechanisms, improved equitable access, and a more balanced budget allocation for water projects. This study underscores the imperative of adopting a multifaceted approach to address the ongoing challenges in Kenya's evolving water governance.
more목차
Acknowledgment i
Abstract ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Figures iv
List of Tables iv
I. Introduction .................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Research Purposes ............................................................................................... 1
1.2. Research Questions ............................................................................................. 3
1.3. Methodology ....................................................................................................... 3
1.4. Structure of the Thesis ........................................................................................ 3
II. Literature Review and Theoretical Framework .......................................... 5
2.1. Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................ 9
III. Overview of Water Resources in Kenya ..................................................... 13
3.1 Water Resources and the Environment ............................................................. 13
3.2 Socio-Economic Situations ............................................................................... 18
IV. Overview of Water Policy in Kenya ............................................................ 20
4.1 Legal Framework .............................................................................................. 20
4.2 Water Resources Plans and Strategies ............................................................... 21
4.3 Organizations .................................................................................................... 22
V. Case Study: The 2002 and 2016 Water Acts in Kenya .............................. 26
5.1 The 2002 Water Act ........................................................................................... 26
5.2 The 2010 Constitution Revision and the 2016 Water Act ................................. 27
5.3 Analysis by the OECD Water Governance Principles ...................................... 31
VI. Policy Implications ....................................................................................... 37
6.1 Achievements .................................................................................................... 37
6.2 Challenges ......................................................................................................... 38
VII. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 41
Bibliography ......................................................................................................... 44
