北京市 攤販의 社會主義 改造를 통해 본 基層의 國家-社會 關係(1954-1965)
State-Society Relationship at the Grassroots, 1954-1965 – Focusing on Socialist Transformation of Tanfan (Street Vendors) in Beijing –
- 주제(키워드) 摊贩 , 社会主义改造 , 北京 , 国家-社会关系 , 国家权力 , 基层社会 , 治理 , 合法性 , 1950年代 , 攤販 , 사회주의 개조 , 베이징 , 국가-사회 관계 , 기층사회 , 거버넌스 , 국가권력 , 정당성 , 1950년대 , Street Vendors , Socialist Transformation , State-Society Relationship , State Power , Governance , State Legitimacy , 1950s.
- 발행기관 중국근현대사학회
- 발행년도 2022
- 총서유형 Journal
- KCI ID ART002830549
- 본문언어 한국어
초록/요약
This article aims to shed light on the relationship between state and grassroots society during the period of socialist transformation, when the Party-state imposed the most overwhelming power over society, by analyzing the Tanfan (street vendors) in Beijing. The focus of the analysis was on the oscillation of the transformation policy and the reaction of the Tanpan society. The state pushed for transformation with coercive force, but the effect and society's reaction produced unexpected results. The strengthening of “administrative capacity” to pressure the transformation of Tanpan made the relationship between the state and the Tanpan society estranged. The socialist transformation policy launched from 1954 dismantled the existing Tanfan management system and its business structure established since 1949, but did not fully incorporate the Tanfan society into the state socialist system. The reason originated from the limitations of the state capacity. If state capacity can be defined in terms of its discursive power, financial capacity, administrative capability, and the ability to secure the legitimacy of government, the state power exercised in the grassroots society during the socialist transformation could not corresponds to this criteria in various respects. The socialist collective management did not prove, unlike state propaganda, its superiority to the individual, dispersed and mobile “characteristics of traditional management” of Tanpan and had to compromise with the existing Tanfan market reality. During the socialist period, the state monopolized the economic resources, but the amount of those resources was not large enough to support the livelihood of Tanpan people, who made up a large proportion of the city population. All these limitations of state capacity have undermined the legitimacy of state governance in the grassroots. Looking at the relationship between the state and Tanpan before and after the socialist transformation from a long-term perspective, the governance system of state-society “cooperation” established at the beginning of the founding of the PRC began to dismantle with the implementation of socialist transformation policy from the mid-1950s. The state could not elicit cooperation from the grassroots society. Rather, the overwhelming state undermined its own foundations – societal support and positive response to government policy - by causing a centrifugal tendency in the society.
more초록/요약
This article aims to shed light on the relationship between state and grassroots society during the period of socialist transformation, when the Party-state imposed the most overwhelming power over society, by analyzing the Tanfan (street vendors) in Beijing. The focus of the analysis was on the oscillation of the transformation policy and the reaction of the Tanpan society. The state pushed for transformation with coercive force, but the effect and society's reaction produced unexpected results. The strengthening of “administrative capacity” to pressure the transformation of Tanpan made the relationship between the state and the Tanpan society estranged. The socialist transformation policy launched from 1954 dismantled the existing Tanfan management system and its business structure established since 1949, but did not fully incorporate the Tanfan society into the state socialist system. The reason originated from the limitations of the state capacity. If state capacity can be defined in terms of its discursive power, financial capacity, administrative capability, and the ability to secure the legitimacy of government, the state power exercised in the grassroots society during the socialist transformation could not corresponds to this criteria in various respects. The socialist collective management did not prove, unlike state propaganda, its superiority to the individual, dispersed and mobile “characteristics of traditional management” of Tanpan and had to compromise with the existing Tanfan market reality. During the socialist period, the state monopolized the economic resources, but the amount of those resources was not large enough to support the livelihood of Tanpan people, who made up a large proportion of the city population. All these limitations of state capacity have undermined the legitimacy of state governance in the grassroots. Looking at the relationship between the state and Tanpan before and after the socialist transformation from a long-term perspective, the governance system of state-society “cooperation” established at the beginning of the founding of the PRC began to dismantle with the implementation of socialist transformation policy from the mid-1950s. The state could not elicit cooperation from the grassroots society. Rather, the overwhelming state undermined its own foundations – societal support and positive response to government policy - by causing a centrifugal tendency in the society.
more