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대학생 발달의 관점에서 본 교환학생 프로그램 참여 경험의 의미

The Meaning of Exchange Student Experience from the Perspectives of College Student Development

  • 이수지 (대학원 교육학과 교육행정학 및 고등교육학전공)

초록/요약

This study aims to analyze student development from the experience of participating in a student exchange program, which has become a main strategy for the internationalization of higher education in Korea. Korean universities concentrate on an exchange student program as a strategy to strengthen their international education competency and students also expect that they would improve vocational abilities as well as multi-cultural competencies. Against this backdrop, the purpose of this study is to understand participants’ experiences and development phases from an exchange student program. This study also focuses on exploring factors affecting students’ experiences. The data were collected through interviews with sixteen students at K university who have studied abroad in the USA, Canada, and European countries as an exchange student. The findings in this study as follows: first, students who participated in a student exchange program, developed their cultural competence and national identity as a Korean. Living as social minorities in a western society and interacting directly with other people from different cultural backgrounds, students have a deeper understanding of other cultures. Second, Korean students grew their learning attitude as well as value perspectives on occupation and social success. While they were abroad, students could escape Korean society which is very competitive in getting high social status and wealth. As exchange students, they could enjoy leisurely life style and concentrate their own thinking, instead of following what the society tells them to do. Third, exchange student programs gave Korean students opportunities to develop independence. They could live alone in an unfamiliar environment and had to make their own decisions. It could help students to enhance responsibilities for their choices and control their daily lives. Fourth, individual factors and environmental factors affect college student development. Individual factors include individual personalities, English communication skills, and determined goals. Meanwhile, environmental factors contain characteristics of an institution, region, and nation, which students stayed in. Each factor affected students’ experiences differently; some factors produced positive changes, whereas other factors influenced negatively on students’ experiences. Based on these results, this study suggests the following recommendations: (1) for student preparation, Korean universities should provide sufficient information for students; (2) it is necessary to offer training programs for setting a student’s own goal and improving language skills; (3) students want to have opportunities to develop their changed attitudes after they return, such as counseling, international networks and meeting groups for interaction between Korean students and foreign students; (4) Korean universities should consider providing various educational opportunities about internationalization; (5) further studies are needed to analyze detailed relationships between exchange student program and college student development.

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목차

Ⅰ. 서 론 1
1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
2. 연구문제 4
3. 용어 정의 5
가. 교환학생 프로그램 (Exchange Student Program) 5
나. 대학생 발달 6
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 7
1. 고등교육의 국제화와 교환학생 프로그램 7
가. 고등교육의 국제화 현상과 학생이동 7
나. 교환학생 프로그램의 현황과 목적 12
2. 고등교육과 대학생의 발달 15
가. 학생발달이론 15
나. 대학효과이론 17
3. 교환학생 프로그램과 대학생의 발달 19
가. 학생발달과 교환학생 프로그램의 효과 20
나. 교환학생 프로그램 효과성 제고를 위한 운영 전략 29
Ⅲ. 연구 방법 35
1. 사례연구 대상 대학 36
2. 연구 참여자 38
3. 연구자료 수집 및 분석방법 40
Ⅳ. 연구 결과 44
1. 교환학생 프로그램 참여를 통해 나타난 대학생 발달 양상 44
가. 문화적 태도 44
나. 학습태도 59
다. 직업과 성공에 대한 인식 전환 72
라. 사회·심리적 성장 82
2. 교환학생 프로그램을 통한 대학생 발달의 영향요인 탐색 89
가. 개인 차원의 요인 89
나. 환경 차원의 요인 95
Ⅴ. 요약, 결론 및 제언 109
1. 요약 109
2. 결론 112
3. 제언 114
참고문헌 118
ABSTRACT 126

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