An Investigation on Suppressor Effect of Self-Focused Attention on Depression
우울에 대한 자기초점주의의 억제효과 검증
- 주제(키워드) self-focused attention , depression , suppressor effect
- 발행기관 고려대학교 대학원
- 지도교수 이상민
- 발행년도 2013
- 학위수여년월 2013. 2
- 학위구분 석사
- 학과 일반대학원 교육학과
- 세부전공 교육심리·상담 및 특수교육학전공
- 원문페이지 91 p
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/korea/000000038670
- 본문언어 영어
- 제출원본 000045743743
초록/요약
Self-focused attention is considered to have both maladaptive and adaptive effect on depression. However the evidence of relation between adaptive forms of self-focused attention and depression is controversial. The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate the replicable nature of statistical suppression effect of self-rumination and self-reflection on depression via two separate samples such as undergraduate students and adolescents. Examining suppressor effects in self-focused attention research offered recommendations for refining the relation between self-rumination and self-reflection and for designing intervention for depression. Participants in sample 1 included 362 undergraduate students (mean age = 20.83 years, SD = 2.28; 54.1% female) and participants in sample 2 included 359 high school students (mean age = 16.15 years, SD = .93; 58.5% female). Participants in both samples completed the self-reported measures of self-focused attention (Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire; Trapnell & Campbell, 1999) and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression; Radloff, 1977). Data analyses were conducted using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that self-rumination and self-reflection is associated significantly positively in both samples. The model fit was tested to be revealed acceptable fit indices such as NNFI, CFI, and RMSEA. In addition, the suppression effects were detected in both samples. In sample 1, a cooperative suppressor effect was identified on depression: First, entered alone, self-rumination exhibited significant positive association with depression. Next, entered alone, self-reflection exhibited a non-significant negative relation with depression. Finally, when both self-rumination and self-reflection entered into the model at the same time, beta coefficients increased for self-rumination and became negative for self-reflection. In sample 2, a net suppression effect was discovered on depression: First, self-rumination only entered into the model is significantly positively associated with depression. Next, self-reflection entered alone into the model exhibited a non-significant negative relation with depression. Finally, both self-rumination and self-reflection entered into the model simultaneously, the standardized coefficients increased for self-rumination and became negative for self-reflection. Moreover, the results of bootstrap procedure all indirect effects were significant, and consequently all suppression effects were significant. Theoretical and practical implications of this study were noted that the suppression effects of forms of self-focused attention on depression helped to reconcile discrepancies between theory and empirical observations and the function that self-reflection was negatively linked with depression only canceled out the effect of self-rumination helped for intervention of depression.
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I.INTRODUCTION 1
1.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1
2.NEED FOR THE STUDY 4
3.PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 7
II.THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS 10
1.SELF-FOCUSED ATTENTION 10
1.1.Relevant Theory of Self-focused Attention 10
1.2.Types of Self-focused Attention 14
2.SELF-RUMINATION AND SELF-REFLECTION 17
2.1.Backgrounds of Self-Rumination and Self-Reflection 17
2.2.Differences between Self-Rumination and Self-Reflection 19
3.SELF-RUMINATION, SELF-REFLECTION AND DEPRESSION 22
3.1.Self-rumination and Depression 22
3.2.Self-reflection and Depression 24
4.SUPPRESSION EFFECTS OF SELF-RUMINATION AND SELF-REFLECTION 26
4.1.Definition of Suppression 26
4.2.Suppression in Self-Focused Attention Research 29
III.METHOD 32
1.PARTICIPANTS 32
2.MEASURES 34
2.1.Self-rumination and Self-reflection 34
2.2.Depressive symptoms 36
3.PROCEDURE 37
4.DATA ANALYSIS 38
IV.RESULTS 40
1.DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS 40
2.STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING 43
3.SIGNIFICANCE LEVELS OF INDIRECT EFFECTS 49
V.DISCUSSION 52
1.SUMMARY OF THE STUDY 52
2.IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY 53
3.LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND SUGGESTED FUTURE RESEARCH 57
REFERENCES 60
국문초록 75
APPENDICES 77
