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Effect of Sulfur Fertilization on Selected Growth, Yield and Quality Traits of Three Korean Varieties of Soybean

초록/요약

Field experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Korea University, Republic of Korea to study effects of sulfur (S) fertilization on growth traits, yield and yield components of three Korean soybean varieties (Poongsunnamulkong, Saedanbaekkong and Daewonkong). Seeds were sown on black polythene mulched soil bed at the spacing of 15 X 60 cm both at control and sulfur fertilized (gypsum with 16% sulfur content at the rate of 200kg/ha) plots following a Randomized Complete Block Design of the experiment applying three doses of sulfur together at the time of seed sowing and two doses together at V4 vegetative growth stage after their germination and successive growth. Growth traits data were collected at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing like plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2), leaf dry matter (g), number of root nodules (number/plant), nodule dry matter (mg), root dry matter (g), shoot dry matter (g), shoot to root ratio (g/g), total plant biomass (g) and leaf chlorophyll content (mg/l). Similarly yield and yield components related data were collected at R5, R6, R7 and R8 reproductive growth stages like pod number per plant, pod length, seed number per pod, seed length, seed width, grain yield (g/plant), straw yield(g/plant), 100 seed weight, above ground dry matter (g/plant), harvest index (%). Protein and lipid content of soybean seeds yielded from another similar but separate side by side experiment following same experimental design with same form, doses and timing of sulfur fertilization to soybean plants were chemically analyzed at their harvest maturity. Sulfur fertilization significantly increased all studied growth traits of three Soybean varieties except plant height when they all reached physiological maturity stage (120 DAS). It was also evident that sulfur fertilization in the form of gypsum can also increase the number and dry matter of soybean root nodules and enhance the ability of nitrogen fixation, and so reduce the input of chemical nitrogen fertilizer. Similarly, all the studied yield and yield component related parameters were also significantly influenced by sulfur fertilization except seed number per pod and 100 seed weight. Varieties and sulfur fertilization also interacted significantly in all studied growth traits when soybean plants reached their physiological maturity stage (120 DAS) but the notable sole interaction effect was in plant height as plant height of Poongsunnamulkong and Daewonkong varieties significantly increased absolutely for interaction effect while it was significantly decreased for Saedanbaekkong. Leaf area of Poongsunnamulkong and Saedanbaekkong variety increased significantly with sulfur fertilization while it was decreased significantly for Daewonkong. Similar trend was observed in their production of number of pods per plant and grain yield per plant indicating that leaf area increment by sulfur fertilization played an important role in increasing yield of Poongsunnamulkong and Saedanbaekkong varieties though their performance was reverse in other growth traits. In quality traits, studied soybean varieties differed significantly from each other in production of protein content in seeds irrespective of treatment. The highest amount of protein was produced by Poongsunnamulkong variety (61.66 %) followed by Saedanbaekkong (30.66 %) and Daewonkong (13.70 %) irrespective of treatment. The interaction effect of treatments and varieties was also significant regarding protein content of seeds. Mean lipid content of three varieties differed significantly irrespective of treatment and positions though that difference was not significant between Saedanbaekkong and Daewonkong varieties. Seeds of Daewonkong produced highest lipid content (20.28 %) followed by Saedanbaekkong (19.62) and Pungsannamulkong (18.43) irrespective of treatments and positions. The interaction effect of treatments and varieties was also significant in production of lipid content of seeds. Lipid content decreased with sulfur fertilization for both Saedanbaekkong and Daewonkong but it was significant only in Saedanbaekkong but the change in lipid content for Poongsunnamulkong was not significant. Though protein and lipid content for seeds collected separately from distal, middle and proximal positions of soybean plants did not vary significantly by sulfur fertilization, it can better be recommended for Pungsunamulkong to increase yield without significant loss of protein content.

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목차

CHAPTER I………………………………………………………………...1
Effects of Sulfur Fertilization on Growth and Yield Traits in Three Korean Soybean Varieties

CHAPTER II………………………………………………………………81
Effects of Sulfur Fertilization on Protein, Amino Acid and Lipid Content of Seeds of Three Korean Soybean Varieties Located at Distal, Middle and Proximal Positions of Stem and Branches.

CHAPTER
I. Effects of Sulfur fertilization on growth and yield traits in three Korean Soybean varieties
1.1. Abstract……………………….………………………..……………….2
1.2. Introduction…………………………………..…………………….. ….5
1.3. Materials and Methods………………………………………………...11
1.4. Results and Discussion………………………………………………...22
1.4.1. Growth traits ………………………………………………………...22
1.4.2. Yield and yield components…………………………….……………34
1.4.3. Combined result on effect of variety ……………………………......45
1.4.4. Combined result on effect of sulfur …………………………............46
1.4.5. Combined result on interaction effect of varieties and sulfur ……….48
1.5. Conclusion……………………………………………………………..52
1.6. Figures…………………………………………………………………54
1.7. Tables…………………………………………………………………..61

CHAPTER
II. Effects of Sulfur Fertilization on Protein, Amino Acid and Lipid Content of Seeds of Three Korean Soybean Varieties Located at Distal, Middle and Proximal Positions of Stem and Branches.

2.1. Abstract………………………………………………………………...82
2.2. Introduction…………………………………………………………….84
2.3. Materials and Methods……….…………………………………………91
2.4. Results and Discussion…………………………………………………101
2.5. Conclusion……………………………………………………………...107
2.6. Figures………………………………………………………………….108
2.7. Tables…………………………………………………………………..110

CONCLUSIONS…………..………………………………………………114
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………116

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