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Applicability of Secularism in Islam : A Case Study of Iran

초록/요약

Iran is an Islamic state since the 1979 Islamic revolution.In order to understand contemporary Iran’s political situation we need to examine three basic questions. First, what are the factors contributing to the formation of Iran’s political regime? Second, how has the religious composition fluctuated throughout the history of Iran? Third, which type of secularism do we mean by suggesting a secular system and why? This dissertation examines these challenges by reviewing Iran’s political regime during various dynasties and analyzing religious thoughts in Iran before and after Islamicization. The study then tries to examine the applicability of secularism in Iran’s regime by reviewing the history of Iran’s political practice before and after the Islamic revolution in 1979. Though an analysis of the varying aspects of secularism’s feasibility in the Middle East in general and in Iran in particular, the study also assesses the arguments on regime change made by several critics whose focus is secular application.

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목차

Introduction
I. Definition and Theories of Secularism
Tolerance
Equity
Principal Concerns on Secularism
Secularization of Islam
Islamic Democracy
Conclusion
II. Secularism in Islam
Secularism in the Middle East
Secularization and Challenge of Modern Islamism
Feldman and Faith on Political Islam
Conclusion
III. Is Secularism Compatible with Islam?
Islam and Its Coexistence with Other Religions
Modern Islamic Reformation
The Influence of Modernism in America
Secularization of Islam
Islamic Democracy
Mertits and Demerits of Secularism
Democratization in Islam
The Arguments on Democratic Islam
Conclusion
IV. Secularism in Iran
Tolerance and Secularism in Iran
Religious Thought in Iran
Freedom of Religion
The Cyrus the Great Cylinder, the Symbol of Tolerance
Zoroastrianism
Mazdakism, a Persian Theory of Communism
Islam
Digesting the History
Shariati on Religion
Secularism after the Revolution
Historicizing of the Quran
Justice as eternal commandment
In the tradition of Islamic mysticism
General human rights in the Islamic sense
Conclusion
V. The Case of Turkey as an Example of Secular Democracy
The Concept of Secularism in Turkey
The Role of Religion in Turkey’s History
Church and State in Turkey
Conclusion
VI. Iran’s Regime Change
American Version of Regime Change
Secular Green Movement
A Declaration by the Secular Supporters of the Iranian Green Movement
Suggestions by Amil Imani for Iranian Green Movement
Forwarding Secular Green Movement of Iran
Suggest Solutions by Various Theorists
Thoughts on America’s Support after the Election 2009
Secularism as a Moderate Solution
Modood Arguments Based on State and Religion
Secularism as an Absolute Solution
VII. Conclusion and Implication
Bibliography

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