The autotrophic denitrification using porous sulfur media to removal of nitrate
- 주제(키워드) autotrophic denitrification , porous sulfur media , nitrate , groundwater
- 발행기관 고려대학교 대학원
- 지도교수 김지형
- 발행년도 2010
- 학위수여년월 2010. 8
- 학위구분 석사
- 학과 일반대학원 건축？사회환경공학과
- 세부전공 환경공학
- 원문페이지 63 p
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/korea/000000023482
- 본문언어 영어
- 제출원본 000045608780
초록/요약
Groundwater in deep soil usually contains insufficient nutrient such as phosphate for bacterial cells, this condition limits the denitirification when autotrophic denitrifying bacteria is used to remove nitrate. Therefore, in this study the Porous sulfur media (PSM) for denitrification was made in order to supply nutrients with CaCO3 (carbon source) and S (electron donor) to microorganism. And to evaluate the feasibility of PSM on groundwater, the column reactor packed the PSM particles is operated for 120 day at various nitrate concentrations in influent flow containing no nutrients. The results showed that denitrifying bacteria successfully colonized on the surface of PMS particles and removed nitrate efficiently. when the initial nitrate concentration was lower than 100 mg-N/L, the denitrification efficiency was almost 100% at steady-state, and 70% of efficiency obtained at 120 mg-N/L. the zero-order denitrification reacaction rate constants were 0.341, 0.5346, 0.594 mg-N/L？min respectively, when the initial nitrate concentrations were 60, 90,120 mg-N/L. These denitrification rates were higher than other researcher using sulfur or sulfur/limestone. From analysis of microbial community, the existence of denitrifying bacteria on PSM particle was confirmed, but Thiobacillus denitrificants which is known to denitrifying bacteria using sulfur was not recovered.
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ABSTRACT i
CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
2.2 Objective and scope 3
Literature review 4
2.1 Technology to remove nitrate. 4
2.1.1 Ion exchange 4
2.1.3 Reverse osmosis (RO) 4
2.1.4 Electrodialysis (ED) 5
2.1.4 Biological denitrification 6
2.2 Biological denitrification 7
2.2.1 Heterotrophic denitrification 7
2.2.2 Autotrophic denitrification 8
2.3 Dinitrification using a sulfur 10
2.3.1 A principal of denitrification using sulfur 10
2.3.2 Microbiology of denitrifiaction using sulfur compound 11
2.3.3 Factors of denitrifiaction using sulfur compound 13
2.3.4 Denitrification using sulfur/limestone media 16
Methods and Materials 18
3.1 Porous Sulfur Media 18
3.2 Experimental setup 21
3.3 Analytical method 23
3.4 Analysis microbes method 24
3.4.1 DNA Extraction and amplification, cloning and sequencing 24
3.4.2 Phylogenetic analysis 25
Results and Discussions 26
4.1 Evaluation of denitrification performance using PSM. 26
4.1.1 Effect of initial concentration 26
4.1.2 Relationship between removal of nitrate and produce of sulfate. 31
4.1.3 Spatial distribution of nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate. 32
4.1.3 Kinetics of denitrification for PSM-bed reactors 35
4.2 Microbial community analysis in Porous sulfur media 44
Conclusions 46
Reference 48
