Environmental Effects of Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries : Environmental Effects of Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries
- 발행기관 고려대학교
- 발행년도 2007
- 학위수여년월 2007. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 국제학과 국제통상전공
- 식별자(기타) DL:000018551926
- 서지제어번호 000045345006
초록/요약
Ever since the establishment of GATT and the WTO, free and fair trade has been the main agenda for the global economy. As the countries in the West got prosperous compared to the South, they started to pay more attention to the environment. Thus they called the attention of the global community for cooperation in making trade environmentally safe and sustainable. This in turn caused fear and alarm to the developing countries. Economically less sound than their counterparts, submitting to the ways and means of the West in the face of environmental protection meant a threat to their way of living. Therefore the long standing debate between the West and South on environmental protection began. According to the West, free trade will eventually help the South in more ways than it would hurt them. But the South feels it will only damage their prospects for an environmentally sound future. In this paper, we will examine to what degree free trade has on the environment by examining various theories and assumptions laid out by experts and determine what kind of harm it does to the environment of the developing nations.
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Table of Contents
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. The Trade-Environment Dilemma
1. Economic Growth, Trade and the Environment
1) Growth and Pollution Intensity
2) Trade Liberalization and the Environment
2. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis
1) Theoretical Evidence
2) Empirical Evidence
3. Effects of Trade on the Environment
1) Traditional Assumptions
2) Positive Effects
3) Negative Effects
Ⅲ. Environmental Regulations and the Environment
1. Pollution Haven Hypothesis
1) Basic Concepts & Theoretical Evidence
2) Empirical Evidence
2. Factor Endowment Hypothesis
1) Basic Concepts & Theoretical Evidence
2) Empirical Evidence
3. Race-to-the-Bottom / Race-to-the Top
1) Basic Concepts & Theoretical Evidence
2) Empirical Evidence
4. Regulatory Chill
1) Basic Concepts & Theoretical Evidence
Ⅳ. The North-South Debate of Trade Liberalization
1. Perspectives of the North
1) Pessimistic Views
2) Optimistic Views
2. Perspectives of the South
1) Pessimistic Views
2) Optimistic Views
Ⅴ. The Effects on Developing Countries
1. Positive Effects
2. Negative Effects
3. Empirical Evidence
Ⅵ. Conclusion
Reference
List of Figures
Figure 1. Export-Import in Pollution-Intensive Goods
Figure 2. Carbon Emission Ratio
Figure 3. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)
List of Tables
Table 1. Effects of Trade Liberalization in a Small, Open Economy
Table 2. Race-to-the-bottom, race-to-the-top, race-to-efficiency
